Improvement in cultivators



J. NEFF, Jr.

Wheel-Cultivator.

Patented May 8, 1860.

lnventon 46 Witnesses: %4 7mm yam/r AM. PHOTO-LXTHG. CO. NX (OSBURNE'S PROCESS) UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN NEFF, JR., OF PULTNEY, NEW YORK.

lMPROVEM ENT IN CULTIVA TORS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 28,19 l, dated May 8, 1860.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN NEFF, Jr., of Pultney, in the county of Steuben and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Cultivator; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a birds'eye view. perspective view.

The letters of reference refer to the same parts in each figure.

A is the frame. It is made of wood. The size should he made so as to receive the number of hoes required.

B and B are the supporting and driving wheels. They may be made of wood or iron. They should be attached to the axle by means of ratchets with spring-pawls, so that when the cultivator is moved backward the wheels will not turn the shaft or axle.

G is a cogged wheel secured to the axle. Its use is to drive the pinion D, which is secured to the shaft G.

D is a pinion secured to the shaft G.

E is a cogged wheel secured to the shaft G.

F is a pinion secured to the end of the crankshaft.

G is a shaft or axle that carries the wheel E and pinion D.

H is the crank-shaft. It is made with as many cranks as there are hoes required for the cultivator. The cranks should be so arranged that no two or more of the hoes will be operated upon alike at the same time. The crankshaft may be made of wrought-iron, bent as represented in the drawings, or of cast iron, or it may be made in sections.

I, I, 1, and I are bars or handles, to the forward ends of which the hoes are secured. At the upper part, and near the hoes, are journal-boxes for the journals of the crank to turn in, so that the handle at the place of the box moves the same as the crank. The hoes have a greater motion than the crank, and the motion is changed by changing the position of the box, which should be made adjustable for the purpose of changing the motion of the hoe.

J, J, J, and J are springs that Fig. 2 is a support the hind ends of the handles by means of the connections K. They are secured to the hind part of the frame by bolts or screws in such manner that they may be raised or lowered at the forward ends by turning the bolts or screws. These springs allow the hoes to yield a little when striking anything, such as a stone, also to prevent concussion upon the crank H.

K, K, K, and K are connections that connect the handles I to the springs J.

L and L are the supportsfor the crank-shaft. They are made adjustable, so that the depth that the hoes enter the ground may be regulated at will by changing them on the bolts at the rear ends. They extend forward in a circular form, and are each connected to the cross-piece M, so that by actuating the lever N the pinion on the crank-shaft may be thrown out of gear, thus stopping the action of the hoes and raising them at the same time.

M is across-piece secured to the ends of the supports L L, so that both supports may be actuated by the lever N at the same time.

N is a lever. It is pivoted to the center cross-piece of the frame. It is connected with the cross-piece M by a loose or slippingjoint, so that by it the supports L and L may be raised or lowered, and be held in position also by means of the catches in the circular support 0.

O is a circular support. It is attached to the forward part of the frame, and has a series of catches to hold the lever N in any required position.

P and P are adjusting andsupporting screws. They are put through the ends of the cross piece M and. rest upon the frame. They are used to support and change the position of the supports L and L and prevent too great stress upon the lever N.

Q, Q, Q, and are hoes. They are secured to the forward ends of the handles 1. They may be made in any shape or style and size to suit the various kinds of earth where the cultivator is to be used.

When making thejwheels O and E and pinions D and F to diive the crank-shaft, they should be made so that the hoes will move fast enough, so that they will draw the earth back in the same manner as with the hoe when used by hand. This motion may be varied by a 1 having wheels and pinions of various sizes to operating as described, for the purpose herein r change the speed of the shafts. set forth.

What Ielaim as my invention and desire to a secure by Letters Patent, is- J OHST NEFF, JR.

The arrangement of the crank-shaft H, the Witnesses: handles I, couplings K, springs J, supports L, WM. COMSTOCK, cross-piece M, and screws P, constructed and CHARLES KETOHUM. i 

